Morgan Stanley is a premier American multinational investment bank and financial services firm headquartered in New York City, established on September 16, 1935, following the Glass-Steagall Act that mandated the separation of commercial and investment banking[1][2]. Founded by Henry Sturgis Morgan (grandson of J.P. Morgan) and Harold Stanley, the firm initially focused on investment banking, quickly capturing a 24% market share in public offerings and private placements in its first year[1][2]. The company has evolved into a global powerhouse with over 80,000 employees across more than 40 countries, serving corporations, governments, financial institutions, and high-net-worth individuals[2][3]. Its business is organized into three main divisions: Institutional Securities, Wealth Management, and Investment Management[2]. Institutional Securities offers services including capital raising, underwriting, mergers and acquisitions advisory, and restructuring, catering to major corporate and governmental clients[1][2]. Wealth Management and Investment Management provide financial advisory and asset management services to individuals and institutions. A significant milestone in Morgan Stanley’s history was the 1997 merger with Dean Witter Discover & Co., which expanded its retail brokerage and wealth management capabilities; the company reverted to the Morgan Stanley name in 2001[2]. The firm is recognized as systemically important by the Financial Stability Board, reflecting its critical role in the global financial system[2]. Morgan Stanley’s legacy includes underwriting major public offerings post-World War II, such as for General Motors and IBM, fueling technological and industrial growth[4]. The firm also emphasizes sustainable investing through its Institute for Sustainable Investing, aiming to leverage private capital to address environmental and social challenges[5]. Celebrating over 90 years, Morgan Stanley remains a leader in finance with a commitment to innovation, client service, and responsible investing[3][5].